Statistics and probability grade 11 pdf questions and answers pdf. Size: STATISTICS and PROBABILITY GRADE 6.

You may use calculators on this test. 2 CO_Q4_Statistics and Probability SHS Module 18 What I Know Choose the best answer to the given questions or statements. November 2008. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers. h Statistics Teaching Approach Statistics can be as in. pdf), Text File (. Jul 19, 2021 · We have provided below free printable Class 11 Mathematics Probability Worksheets for Download in PDF. E is called the complement of the event E. The correct answers are on at the bottom of the page. 09 MB File Size. April 20220. Write down the total number of possible outcomes when the ball is drawn from a bag containing 5 red balls, 3 black balls and 4 green balls. End of chapter exercises. grade 11 probability in this chapter you: revise the language of probability use venn. The skills needed in the section will always be the same, but the data you use and the analysis you do will make or bre. Two coins are tossed 500 times, and we get: Two heads: 105 times. In this article, your 6 th graders will explore some fundamentals of probability and its application in the real world, like This page includes Statistics worksheets including collecting and organizing data, measures of central tendency (mean, median, mode and range) and probability. All types of questions such as short answer questions, fill in the blanks, long answer questions, match the following etc have been covered. chooses two lorries at random. Calculatethemeanabsolutedeviationforbothsetsofdata. 05 Introduction to Probability and Statistics (S22), Exam 2 Solutions. Number of ways of selecting 1 girl and 2 boys = selecting 2 boys from 15 boys and 1 girl from 10 girls. 2016 KCATM STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY 7th Grade PAGE 1 Use the box plot on heights of 7th graders to answer problems #101-105. Download here: Worksheet 19: Probability. True. A student who forgot to study guesses randomly on every question. Sample Proportion b. The MCQ questions are based on the Probability concept and related formulas. doc / . 12 4. Multiple Choice. The first roll shows a five and the second roll shows a six. 86 and a standard deviation of 2. Jolene is playing basketball. Solution: Let us say the events of getting two heads, one head and no head by E 1, E 2 and E 3, respectively. A probability of \(\text{0}\) means the outcome of the experiment will never be in the event set. Time limit: 20 minutes. B. test statistics c. He tells you that, of 16 runners, the favourite has probability 0. Probability And Statistics For Engineers - Solutions. 00 and 2. 6. 00, 1. Explore more topics at Cuemath's Math Worksheets. Download Grade 11 - Statistics And Probability. For numbers 39-40. Its chance of Progress In Mathematics Grade 11. These Worksheets for Grade 11 Mathematics Probability cover all important topics which can come in your standard 11 tests and examinations. She scored 11 baskets in 15 free throws. 30 at Ayr. 3. 6 Identification of outliers. What is the experimental probability that she will score a basket on her next free throw? _____ 2. STATISTICS and PROBABILITY GRADE 6. Find exciting Math worksheets here. Statistics D. There are 13 elemen. 5 Symmetric and skewed data. docx. pdf. Find the probability of each event to occur. scatterplot View Answer. b. Introduction To Probability And Mathematical Statistics. These worksheets should be practiced regularly and are free to download in PDF formats. 5) You flip a coin and then roll a fair six-sided die. There are two coins, denoted C_1 and C_2. It includes 40 multiple choice questions covering topics like: 1) Types of random variables (discrete vs. However, prior approval of the government agency or 2 CO_Q4_Statistics and Probability SHS Module 10 What I Know Choose the best answer to the given questions or statements. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is. Jul 19, 2021 · We have provided below free printable Class 10 Mathematics Statistics Worksheets for Download in PDF. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Statistics and Probability, descriptive statistics, inferential statistics and more. INSTRUCTIONS. Solution : Answer (C) Sample Question 3 : A die is thrown 1000 times and the outcomes were recorded as follows : Outcome 12 3 4 56 Frequency 180 150 160 170 150 190 If the die is thrown once more, then the probability that it shows 5 is : (A) 9 50 (B) 3 20 (C) 4 25 (D) 7 25 Solution : Answer (B) EXERCISE 14. Chapter 1. Level up on all the skills in this unit and collect up to 1,600 Mastery points! Probability tells us how often some event will happen after many repeated trials. This ratio can be expressed as a common fraction, a decimal fraction or a percentage. The worksheets have been designed based on the latest NCERT Book for Class 11 Mathematics Probability. 25. It will be either “None of the above” or “All are true. find the probability of each element, then multiply. Solving Problems Involving Correlation Analysis First Edition, 2021Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copy. 1. 20 of winning, and the remainder each have probability 0. c. pdf It gives the difference between the highest number of cellphones and the least number of cellphones that can be sold. Find a pair value of p View Answer. (5 marks) Transport inspectors carry out roadside safety tests on lorries. 05 Introduction to Probability and Statistics (S22), Exam 1 Solutions. August 4, 2022 Last Updated. It can also be 0 or 1 in some special cases. Step 2: Write down the event sets. 2 CO_Q4_ Statistics and Probability SHS Module 22 What I Know Choose the letter of the best answer. ight shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. It also includes frequency polygons and histograms, ogives and box-and-whisker plots. predicted value of y b. letter of alphabet: fA; J; Q; Kg. 6KB. 125 kB. prime number: f2; 3; 5; 7g. It is a proposed explanation, assertion, or assumption about a population parameter or about the distribution of a random variable. The test covers topics like identifying whether a hypothesis test is one-tailed or two-tailed, defining statistical terms, choosing the correct test statistic and critical values for 2 days ago · Probability is that branch of mathematics that helps you to predict, how likely is an event to occur. The exam covers topics such as hypothesis testing, types of errors, significance levels, the normal distribution, z-scores, t-scores, confidence intervals, correlation, and scatter plots. Hypothesis TOS GRADE 11 STAT & PROB(finals) 2019 - 2020 - Free download as Word Doc (. Probability Questions & Solutions. Probability b. p ( a head and an even number ) = =. Suppose a game of chance is modeled with a discrete probability distribution. Solve the questions on your own and verify your answers with the given correct answers for each MCQ. Easily download the Pdf of all practice paper sheets for Probability Class 11. Type: PDF. Midterm Exam In Statistics And Probability (grade 11) May 2021582. Spring 2019, Updated Spring 22, 6 March. ace of hearts: fAg. The below question papers and their memorandum contain subject matter pertaining to trigonometry, financial maths, statistics, probability, analytical geometry, solving for x and many more problems. Statistics And Probability Grade 11 Answer Key Quarter 3 Module 1. 50, which is the numerical value of s for the data from source 1? Explain your an-swer. 5. Mark your answer on the answer sheet by FILLING in the oval. number of possible outcomes. multiply the elements together. Grade 12 Range, Median, Mean, and Mode. You randomly select one to wear on Monday Solution : Answer (C) Sample Question 3 : A die is thrown 1000 times and the outcomes were recorded as follows : Outcome 12 3 4 56 Frequency 180 150 160 170 150 190 If the die is thrown once more, then the probability that it shows 5 is : (A) 9 50 (B) 3 20 (C) 4 25 (D) 7 25 Solution : Answer (B) EXERCISE 14. • Choice E is a valid answer. Identifying Appropriate Rejection Region Involving Population Proportion First Edition, 2021Republic Act 8293, section. Download. s in the sample space. What does slope represent? a. heart(a) 50%(b) 25%(c) 100%(d) 75%2 If there are 5 blue marbles, 3 green marbles and 2 red marbles in a bag In 10th grade worksheet on probability we will practice various types of problems based on definition of probability and the theoretical probability or classical probability. Size: 3. Gr 11 Edwardsmaths Test or Assignment Probability T3 2022 Eng. 05 Introduction to Probability and Statistics (S22), Exam 1 Review: practice 1: solutions. It refers to a value calculated from sample data which is needed in deciding whether the null hypothesis is rejected or not. Sample c. The probability that the selected students are 2 boys and 1 girl, is. (3) Calculate the probability that a learner, chosen at random: Eats only chicken and fish, and no vegetables. CO_Q4_ Statistics and Probability SHS Module 1 What I Know Choose the best answer to the given questions or statements. 3 of winning, two other horses each have probability 0. If you are author or own the copyright of this book, please report to us by using this DMCA report form. This statistics worksheet for grade 11 mathematics practices the different facets of statistics including mean, median and mode and standard deviations. a procedure wherein the normal distribution is converted to a standard normal distribution. A bag contains 4 red balls, 6 blue Aug 31, 2021 · This document contain revision material on grade 11 Statistic and Sine, On the day of the exam Vocabulary used in exam questions pdf . The mean of the probability distribution below is equal to 18. Page 3of 71. Math 365: Elementary Statistics Homework and Problems (Solutions) Satya Mandal. 4 Variance and standard deviation. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next. Probability B. 1 Write the correct answer in each of These multiple-choice questions for probability are given here with proper explanations to help Class 11 students understand better. 0 5. The NCERT Solutions are crafted by the most experienced educators in the teaching industry, according to the latest CBSE Syllabus 2023-24, making the solution to every problem straightforward and justifiable. Solution: 2. Directions: Choose the best answer to the given questions or statements. However, prior approval of the government agency or office Aug 24, 2021 · FUNCTIONS QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADE 12. You may not use rulers, protractors, or other measurement devices on this test. Unit 7: Probability. Students spend their lives collecting, organizing, and analyzing data, so why not teach them a few skills to help them on their way. Write the letter of your answer on a separate sheet of paper. These Worksheets for Grade 11 Mathematics Statistics cover all important topics which can come in your standard 11 tests and examinations. It is the average number of cellphones that can be sold in a day. May 1, 2021 · This is the best collection of Mathematics Probability standard 11th worksheets with important questions and answers for each grade 11th Mathematics Probability chapter so that the students are able to properly practice and gain more marks in Class 11 Mathematics Probability class tests and exams. predicted value of y when x = 0 c. ! Research questions can be formulated based on theories, past research, previous experience, or the practical need to make data-driven decisions in a work environment. Three students are selected at random. Go deeper with your understanding of probability as you learn Probability 7. 2 CO_Q4_Statistics and Probability SHS Module 6 What I Know Choose the best answer to the given questions or statements. 4. Grade 6 Probability Worksheets - Worksheets prove to be the best resources to refine concepts through various types of questions. eresting as you choose to make it. Size: STATISTICS and PROBABILITY GRADE 6. (c) Among the possibilities 1. 101. What is the The probability worksheets for grade 8 are free to download, easy to use, and are also available in PDF format. the value of one variable decreases as the value of the other variable decreases. Our Mathskills4kids’ 4th-grade statistics and probability worksheets and answers cover topics like mean, median, mode, range, probability, and more. August 20201,082. Draw a Venn diagram to represent the information. Required probability = ( 15 C 2 10 C 1 )/ ( 25 C 3) Two friends Harish and Kalyan appeared for an exam. )Thetablesbelowshowstheamountofrainthattwocitiesreceivedinthegiven$ months. The formula to calculate the mean of a sample of size 5 is different from a sample of size 35. Download PDF – Chapter 16 Probability Oct 4, 2013 · Worksheet 11: Statistics. Grade 11 Combinations and Permutations. However, prior approval of the government agency or o. A probability of \(\text{1}\) means the outcome of the experiment will always be in the event set. standardizing a normal curve. ”. al. Note that this method only works if each different outcome is equally likely to happen at any time. 11. $ &&&&&City&A&& & City&B& Midterm Exam in Statistics and Probability (Grade 11) - Free download as Word Doc (. These are Grade 11 Probability lecture notes, examples, and exercises. GRADE 11 STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY REVIEWER - Free download as Word Doc (. If the variance is unknown and the sample size is small, which test statistic is appropriate? a. Share this content. January 19, 2019 Last Updated. Hint: Here is a correct statement: The me-dian is between 0 and 20. pute the probabilitiesThe probability of an event is defined as the number of elements in the event set divided by the number of elemen. two-tailed test b. Decision C. and Terminology1. Compiled by Navan Mudali. In Grade 11, learners should already know stem and leaf A basket contains 6 blue, 2 red, 4 green and 3 yellow balls. (b) Among the possibilities 1. determine the number of elements, then multiply. Page 1of 71. Multiply the value of the random variable by the corresponding probability. Probability of an event: a real number between \(\text{0}\) and \(\text{1}\) that describes how likely it is that the event will occur. Action. 7 Summary. This is revision material on the term 3 grade 12 content. This article is enriched with a vast collection of fun Grade 6 probability worksheets with answers that you can download now from Mathskills4kids. Explore printable probability and statistics worksheets for 11th Grade. Additionally, our worksheets align with the Common Core State Standards for Mathematics Grade 10 Math HOME Unit 6: Statistics . C. 2 Histograms. The topics covered is Statistics, Probability, Financial Mathematics and Trigonometry. txt) or read online for free. No head: 120 times. CO_Q4_ Statistics and Probability SHS Module 19. What is the probability that the student answers at least two questions correctly? 6) A basketball player has a 50% chance of making each free throw. Add the results obtained in b. Wo. continuous) 2) Examples of discrete and continuous random variables 3) Concepts in probability like number of outcomes for coins, dice, cards 4) Hypothesis testing concepts Dec 24, 2018 · Grade 12 Questions Probability. NCERT Exemplar Problems Class 10 Maths Solutions Chapter 13 Statistics and Probability. One head: 275 times. This statement is not precise enough to receive any credit. • Mark your answer on the answer sheet by FILLING in the oval. More Documents from "kay". 2016_2014-CAPS-Probability-WC. The "Introduction to Probability" MCQ: The probability of getting a multiple of 5 if a two digit number is written down at random is; with answers for online certificate courses. 8th Grade Probability Worksheets - Worksheets prove to be the best resources to refine concepts through various types of questions. Sample Midterm Examination in statistics and probability Reference: Belecina et. com and use at home or as classroom practice with your Grade 6 students. What does your teacher need to do to improve her teaching? What do you like about your teacher? a. However, prior approval Introduction to Probability Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ Quiz): Introduction to Probability MCQ with Answers PDF, free download App to learn online school courses & e-Book. until instructed to do so. ! Research questions are vitally important because they, in This document contains a review for the National Achievement Test Grade 12 (NAT12) in Statistics and Probability. rksheet 11 Memorandum: Statistics Grade 11 Mathematicsmean - the average of the data variance – the average of the squared differences from the mean histogram – a graph that represents continuous data and has rectangles drawn next to each other to represent the frequency of observations bar graph – a graph that represents discrete Nov 18, 2020 · Solution: Total number of ways of selecting 3 students from 25 students = 25 C 3. Statistics and Probability – Grade 11 Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 4 – Module 1: Testing Hypothesis First Edition, 2020. Testbook brings in a variety of probability questions with its solutions and explanations. QUICK LINKS TO TOPICS Mean, Median, Mode, Range Mean Deviation Percentile Percentile Backwards Correlation - Interpret Graph Jun 26, 2024 · a normal dsitribution with a mean or 0 and SD of 1. Author: aminM1977. These worksheets provide a variety of exercises and problems that challenge students to apply their 1. 40 MB File Size. 05 of winning, excepting Desert Pansy, which has a Aug 23, 2019 · Here we have provided PDF for all significant topics in all competitive exams. 50, 2. 3 1. Page 2of 71. A study occurs if the entire population is very small, or it is reasonable to include the entire population. It’s highly probable that your student will come across probability questions during their time at school and our probability math worksheets have been designed to cover all they need to know to ensure they feel confident in answering any type of probability math questions. Sep 3, 2020 · Free. 1 Write the correct answer in each of Unit test. Step 1: Research Questions ! Research questions reflect the problem that the researcher wants to investigate. Test-takers are asked to choose the correct answer for multiple choice questions related to these statistical concepts. Answer at the back of the answer sheet. (6) Calculate x. The document is a test for a Grade 11 Statistics and Probability class containing multiple choice and short answer questions about hypothesis testing, test statistics, p-values, and statistical significance. Find the probability. both variables are increasing at the same rate. 61 63 72 80 70 76 97 60 57 65 67 73 66 75 61 54 61 65 70 68. If you strive to get the best results, the development team recommends testing yourself with the 2 CO_Q4_ Statistics and Probability SHS Module 4 What I Know Choose the best answer to the given questions or statements. File. Which of the following is a statistical method that measures the strength of the linear relationship between two variables? a. divide the number of favorable outcomes by the number of total outcomes. December 24, 2018 Create Date. we will do basic probability problems. docx), PDF File (. Data management is probably best done on authentic This document contains a 37-item summative exam on statistics and probability. A Guide to Working with StatisticsA. Jul 19, 2021 · We have provided below free printable Class 11 Mathematics Statistics Worksheets for Download in PDF. 2 File Count. Exercise 13. Randomness, probability, and simulation Addition rule Multiplication rule for independent events Multiplication rule for dependent events Conditional probability and independence. on this test. Probability and statistics worksheets for Grade 11 are essential tools for teachers looking to enhance their students' understanding of these crucial mathematical concepts. 6) You roll a fair six-sided die twice. The probability of an event can be any number between 0 and 1. Type: pdf. Each coin has two faces: head and tail. The ranges are the same. 1 Introduction to Probability MathLinks: Grade 7 (Student Packet 7) 4 THE PROBABILITY OF AN EVENT The probability of an event is a measure of the likelihood of that event occurring. The two outcomes are marked on the possibility space in green. 3 Ogives. ag. Probability covers a major chunk of weightage in various entrance exams such as Banking, State CET, Aptitude Tests, etc. Every solution, written in the PDF Random Variables and Probability Distribution Learning Resource Package in Statistics and Probability Grade 11 CONTEXTUALIZED TEACHER RESOURCE IN MATHEMATICS 11: STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY - Estimation of Parameters Employing Various Communicative Strategies in Different Situations STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY Detailed Contextualized Lesson Plan in Mathematics 2 Explaining Shifts in Speech use them to answer questions. 7) There are eight shirts in your closet, four blue and four green. 1 Simple ProbabilityIn this worksheet. The NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Maths Chapter 15 Statistics are available in PDF format on this page. Statistics and Probability Quarter 4 – Module 1: Testing Hypothesis. Find the probability that all three are: (i) females with less than 3 years service; (ii) of the same gender. Consider the following is data on the 9-month salary of mathematics faculty members (. Improve your grades. Our experts have prepared this probability aptitude questions based on recent updates and exact syllabus of the competitive exam. variation around the line of regression d. The coin lands heads-up and the die shows an even number. • You may use calculators on this test. Find the Statistics and Probability 95 For numbers 14-15. The latest examination pattern of Class 11 Probability has been followed by our teachers. This way of systematic learning will prepare you easily for Probability and Statistics exams, contests, online tests the probability that the die will show an even number exactly two times? 5) A test consists of nine true/false questions. 50 and Penrose GED Prep4. In this PDF we have given probability Questions and Answers, we hope this will be helpful for your preparation. 18. 2. Report DMCA. Size: 116. You've experienced probability when you've flipped a coin, rolled some dice, or looked at a weather forecast. Republic Act 8293, Section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. In Grade 11, learners should already know stem and leaf Nov 6, 2020 · This worksheet on probability for grade 10 maths covers the topics of relative frequency and theoretical probability, and Venn diagrams. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task. Decision c. It is called a census because data is gathered on every member of the population. MoE E-Learning and D-Library Aug 4, 2022 · 4981 Download. A transport inspector (5 marks) (a) (b) The probability of a randomly selected lorry failing the test is 0. If an event is certain to occur, then P(E) = 1. 0/1600 Mastery points. March 20211,289. CO_Q4_ Statistics and Probability SHS Module 11. 112 kB. The worksheets have been designed based on the latest NCERT Book for Class 11 Mathematics Statistics. Write the letter of your choice on a separate sheet of paper. Date: April 2022. ks. These Worksheets for Grade 10 Mathematics Statistics cover all important topics which can come in your standard 10 tests and examinations. Find the probability for each problem below. This document provides a table of specification for a statistics and probability exam covering three topics: normal distribution, sampling and sampling distributions, and estimation of parameters. Grade 11 Statistics And Probability Complete Module (1). 42. You should practice these MCQs for 1 hour daily for 2-3 months. 2016 Ed. Siyavula's open Mathematics Grade 11 textbook, chapter 11 on Statistics. Dec 23, 2021 · Please see below Grade 11 Past Papers & Memos. This document was uploaded by user and they confirmed that they have the permission to share it. If the two coins are tossed, P (C_1 is head facing up) = p and P (C_2 is head facing up) = q. be found at the end of this worksheet. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities included in the module. Statistics and Probability – Grade 11 Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 4 – Module 16: Constructing a Scatter Plot First Edition, 2021 Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. Experimental Probability of Simple Events Practice and Problem Solving: A/B Solve. If you would like further explanation before attempting these problems, links to video descriptions ca. The boys’ range is 1 greater than the girls’ range. pdf. Printable PDFs for Probability Grade 6 Worksheets. Access to all documents. In these exercises, students determine the probability of events by counting the number of ways an event can happen (the numerator) divided by the total number of possible outcomes. z - value b. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper. Do not open this booklet. Statistics and Probability Review (Grade 11) 1. 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. . They are designed to help students build a strong foundation in math and develop critical thinking skills. Finally there is also a fully worked out memorandum. Questions include drawing your own Venn diagrams, giving definitions and making decisions based on the theoreticial probability and the relative frequency. Statistics and Probability – Grade 11 Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 4 – Module 2: Identifying Parameters for Testing in Given Real-Life Problems First Edition, 2021 Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. Probability in Games This video focuses on the differences between theoretical probability and experimental probability, otherwise known as relative frequency. It is a part of the population with a particular trait expressed in decimal, percent, or fraction. Number of ways in which this can be done = 15 C 2 10 C 1. To find the probability of two independent events occurring, you must. Probability in Real Life This video relates probability to real life situations including weather and insurance premiums. If four balls are picked up at random, what is the probability that 2 are red and 2 are green? In a class, there are 15 boys and 10 girls. QUESTION: You consult Joe the bookie as to the form in the 2. August 4, 2022 Create Date. both variables increase to 1. Practice this chapter. t-test c. The sum of the probabilities of all the elementary events of an experiment is 1. (c) mid-points of the classes (d) frequencies of the class marks. Worksheet Statistics and Probability – Grade 11 Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 2 – Module 1: Random Variables and Probability Distributions First Edition, 2019 Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that n o copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. Basic theoretical probability Probability using sample spaces Basic set operations Experimental probability. Probability Worksheets With Answers. For an event E, P(E) + P( E ) = 1, where E is the event ‘not E’. Aug 23, 2021 · We can work out the probability using the formula: Probability = number of favorable outcomes. 89MB. null Our 1000+ Probability and Statistics MCQs (Multiple Choice Questions and Answers) focuses on all chapters of Probability and Statistics covering 100+ topics. The worksheets have been designed based on the latest NCERT Book for Class 10 Mathematics Statistics. The events of getting a tail and 3 or 4 on the die are mutually exclusive ie cannot happen at the same time. Get Unlimited Downloads. You roll a single die numbered from 1 to 6. Find the difference in ranges from the girls (top graph) to the boys (bottom graph). estimated change of y per unit change in x 2. Worksheet #4 Worksheet #5. So a probability of 5 out of 8 can be written as 5 / 8 or as 0,625 or as 62,5%. For an event, denoted E, the probability of that event occurring is denoted P(E). Worksheet #1 Worksheet #2 Worksheet #3. Construct the probability distribution for the random variable. 1 Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) Question 1: (a) lower limits of the classes (b) upper limits of the classes. 16971 Download. 2 with a variance of 5. It also assists you with some tips tricks to solve probability MCQs Quiz with ease source 2? Do not explain your answer. k the piece of work for the class. (2) Eats any TWO of the given food choices: chicken, vegetables and fish. Probability Worksheet #9 (All) Do the work on a separate piece of paper and show all your work. This must happen; the probability is 1. Probability Questions & Answers. Probability –Questions & Solutions. a. A. 1 The Language and Terminology1. ae is kj hx cz gz wu bn nl ba  Banner